Pentair ultrafiltration uf membrane technology xflow. Ultrafiltration membrane productivity is high, while pressure. Water treatment processes employ several types of membranes1. In practice, in separation by membranes, we shall see that all ultrafiltration membranes used in water treatment are made of asymmetric hollow fibres, with an internal or external skin depending on whether this skin is on the outer or inner fibre side e. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water m53. This is particularly true when confronted with having to process a highfouling feed water source such as a surface water, a wastewater, or an openintake seawater. Hollow fiber construction for removal of particles, viruses, bacteria, colloidal silica, and reduced turbidity. Ultrafiltration uf is an important water purification technology used for production of highpurity water.
Ultrafiltration, nanofiltration et losmose inverse safe. Control of membrane fouling is important for more efficient use of membranes in water treatment. This manual describes microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf technologies for water treatment. Microfiltration membranes remove all bacteria and part of the viral contamination. In light of these advances, a comprehensive mfuf resource for the water treatment industry had become imperative. Since the historic outbreak of resistant, but lethal bacteria in drinking water, membranes have found their way to become a safety barrier for these bacteria and viruses in. In terms of pore size, mf fills in the gap between ultrafiltration and granular media filtration.
Ultrafiltration would remove these larger particles, and may remove some viruses. The focus of this manual is mf and uf treatment pro cesses. Pdf produced water treatment using ultrafiltration and. Awwa manual of practice manual of water supply practices american water works association on. Pdf microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for. Mf membranes have the largest pore size and typically reject large particles and various microorganisms. Ultrafiltration uf is a variety of membrane filtration in which forces like pressure or concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane.
Westechs lowpressure membrane filtration ultrafiltration microfiltration systems use hollow fiber membranes with small pore sizes to reliably produce high quality water using an absolute barrier. Ultrafiltration is wellestablished in water treatment, but is not feasible for many water utilities due to its high operational costs compared to conventional treatment. A guide to drinking water treatment technologies for household use cdc pdf pdf 1. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water m53, second edition. The exit process stream after treatment using a microfilter has a recovery rate which generally ranges to about 9098 %.
Asiapacific journal of chemical engineering 20, 8 3, 339345. In 2005, the first edition of awwa manual of water supply practices m53, microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water, was published. Awwa m532016 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes. The series is modular, skidmounted, and ideal for applications ranging from 0.
Ultrafiltration is not fundamentally different from reverse osmosis, microfiltration or nanofiltration, except in terms of the size of the molecules it retains. Ultrafiltration is a type of membrane filtration in which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid through a semipermeable membrane, leaving suspended solids and solutes with high molecular weight behind and letting treated water pass through. Ultrafiltration technology for potable, process and waste. The main reason is that this geometry allows for efficient low pressure backwashes without having to. In this study, a longterm filtration experiment using three different types of mf and uf. A number of our trusted membranes are nsf ansi 61 certified for compliance in drinking water applications. In terms of approximate molecular weight these membranes can separate macromolecules of molecular weights generally less than 100,000 g. Awwa m532005 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes. Ultrafiltration is an excellent separation technology for desalination pretreatment, reverse osmosis pretreatment, and wastewater reclamation, as well as for producing potable water. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water article in journal american water works association 10012. A comparison of organic matters responsible for immersed ultrafiltration membranes fouling in drinking water treatment. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained in the socalled retentate, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane in the permeate filtrate. Microfiltration mf modules are the core of pall water filtration solutions, designed for both municipal and industrial applications, including drinking water applications and ro pretreatment. A pdf version of this document with information conveyed visually in table format is available please note that the pdf is not accessible for screen readers.
Conventionally, microfiltration mf, ultrafiltration uf, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, membrane bioreactors mbrs, etc. These treatment techniques have gained rapid acceptance as processes that provide a reliable and very high level of particle, turbidity, and microorganism removal. This article provides a concise and abbreviated summary of awwa manual of practice m53, microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water, to serve as a quick point of reference. Membrane types include microfiltration mf, ultrafiltration uf, nanofiltration nf. Mar 31, 2017 microfiltration and ultrafiltration mfuf membrane systems are used in a variety of processes and applications.
In this chapter, advances in water treatment by microfiltration, ultrafiltration uf, and nanofiltration nf are explained in detail. Ultrafiltration only differs from other membrane processes in terms of the size of molecules it removes. They include microfiltration mf, ultrafiltration uf, reverse osmosis ro, and nanofiltration nf membranes figure 12. Numerous reverseosmosis membranes were tested and were found to achieve the water quality goals. A pioneer of fi ltration technology, today we lead the fi eld as the largest independent source of process membranes worldwide. Ultrafiltration enlevera ces particules plus grandes, e. Ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis safe. Micro filtration and ultra filtration are pressuredependent processes, which remove dissolved solids and other substances from water to a lesser extend than nano filtration and reverse osmosis. Look inside detailed technical information on mf and uf treatment processes for water operators, engineers, and utility management. Natural water treatment techniques combined with engineered solutions were investigated at demonstration sites in europe within the aquanes project.
Microfiltration usually serves as a pretreatment for other separation processes such as ultrafiltration, and a posttreatment for granular media filtration. Chapter 1 introduction to low pressure membrane processes. Mechanism involved in the evolution of physically irreversible fouling in microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water. M53 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water. The use of ultrafiltration technology for municipal drinking water applications is. Microfiltration can be used in many applications such as cold sterilization of beverages and pharmaceuticals, clarification of juiceswinebeer, separation of bacteria from water, pretreatment upstream of ro, oil water separation, effluent treatments, medical water, lab water, or any high purity water application. Control of physically irreversible fouling, which is defined as fouling that requires chemical cleaning to be cancelled, is particularly important for reduction of operation cost in a membrane process. The membrane processes discussed here are microfiltration mf, ultrafiltration uf, nanofiltration nf, and reverse osmosis ro. Ultrafiltration membrane, principles of ultrafiltration. Membrane water treatment systems were originally used only in desalination projects. Ultrafiltration membrane systems water and wastewater.
Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration american water works. Safe drinking water is essential membrane processes. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes 2005. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water epa.
Nanofiltration nf nanofi ltration is a unique fi ltration process inbetween uf and. When strategically combined with other purification technologies in a complete water system, uf is ideal for the removal of colloids, proteins, bacteria, pyrogens, proteins, and. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes in drinking water american water works association this brand new manual provides thorough coverage of water membrane science, concepts, and theory. The mf and uf membranes are used only for pretreatment while nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and mbrs have shown an effective ppcp removal. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration have gained rapid acceptance as processes that provide a reliable and very high level of particle, turbidity, and microorganism removal. The technologies included in membrane filtration are. Membrane filtration processes commonly used in water treatment include microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf. We supply membranes for virtually every manufacturers fi ltration system and most process applications. Selection, design, installation, and maintenance of microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf. They can help facilities treat boiler feed water, separate out contaminated waste to acceptable effluent standards, and manufacture safe food and or beverages, to name a few. A guide to drinking water treatment technologies for. The typical particle size used for microfiltration ranges from about 0.
Microfiltration can be used in many applications such as cold sterilization of beverages and pharmaceuticals, clarification of juiceswinebeer, separation of bacteria from water, pretreatment upstream of ro, oilwater separation, effluent treatments, medical water, lab water, or any high purity water application. How much do microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane. Uf membranes offer numerous benefits for water treatment. The most abundant use of microfiltration membranes are in the water, beverage and bioprocessing industries see below. But improvements in membrane technology have made them an increasingly popular choice for removing microorganisms, particulates, and natural organic materials that foul waters taste and taint its clarity water treatment membranes are thin sheets of material that are able to separate.
Ultrafiltration uf is a pressuredriven purification process that separates particulate matter from soluble compounds using an ultrafine membrane media. Experimental study on ufnf filtration purification of pipe drinking. Ultrafiltration water systems, microfiltration water systems. Uf membranes typically have pore sizes in the range of 0.
The current pollution of chinas drinking water is relatively serious, and. Membrane filtration gea engineering for a better world. This manual contains information on low pressure membranes in their widely diverse applications, operations and system designs. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes in drinking. Awwa manual of practice american water works association on. When used in pall water s aria water treatment systems, our proven ultrafiltration modules deliver highquality water for applications around the globe. Uf is effective in the removal of colloids, proteins, bacteria, pyrogens e. American water resources association, middleburg, va, 10012. The use of microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf in water treatment applications continues to expand, both in terms of capacity and number.
Back to m53 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water, second edition microfiltration and ultrafiltration have gained rapid acceptance as processes that provide a reliable and very high level of particle, turbidity, and microorganism removal. Reverse osmosis ro reverse osmosis is a high pressure, energye. Request pdf microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water the use of microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf in water treatment. These differences in cost are caused by membrane fouling and the associated. An ultrafiltration filter has a pore size around 0. Selection, design, installation, and maintenance of microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf systems for potable water treatment. Microfiltration is loosely defined as a membrane separation process using membranes with a pore size of approximately 0. The past 20 years have seen phenomenal growth in the use of lowpressure hollow fiber microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf membrane processes for the production of drinking water. General information about membrane processes and the membrane global market is given. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane filtration processes commonly used in water treatment include microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf. Ultrafiltration and microfiltration membrane filtration. In recent years, membrane ultrafiltration uf of surface water for drinking water treatment has become a more attractive technology worldwide as a possible alternative treatment to conventional.
Ultrafiltration pilot was operated in both crossflow and deadend modes using hollow fiber cellulose acetate membrane and was combined occasionally with. Ultrafiltration and microfiltration are both pressure driven membrane separation processes that separate particulate matter from soluble components in the carrier fluid such as water. Microfiltration mf and ultrafiltration uf are both processes by which a contaminated liquid is passed through a semipermeable membrane that removes solids too large to fit through the membranes pore size, yielding a purified liquid stream. Awwa m532016 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water, second edition. Xflows hollow fiber ultrafiltration uf membranes, with a mwco molecular weight cuttoff of 150 to 200 kilodaltons kda, remove all fine silt, turbidity, bacteria and viruses, as well as chlorineresistant organisms such as cryptosporidium and giardia. M53 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for. Micro filtration and ultra filtration water treatment and. Awwa m532005 microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water. Awwa manual of practice manual of water supply practices. When used in pall waters aria water treatment systems, our proven ultrafiltration modules deliver highquality water for applications around the globe. Dec 04, 2016 an ultrafiltration filter has a pore size around 0. Mf and uf processes are discussed in detail in the american water works association awwa manual of practice m53. Mar 09, 2017 in contrast, ultrafiltration, with its smaller pore size, blocks everything microfiltration can in addition to viruses, silica, proteins, plastics, endotoxins, and smog and or fumes. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes in drinking water.
Hollow fiber construction for removal of particles, viruses. Microfiltrationreverse osmosis ocean water desalination. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for drinking. In 2012, access to safe drinking water became the first millennium development goal to be met by the international community. Water quality information what is ultrafiltration uf. Mf membranes have the largest pore size and typically. To what degree the stream is purified depends on the contaminants present and the pore size of the membrane. This encouraging achievement should underscore the progress that can be. Drinking water production by coagulationmicrofiltration and.
1489 598 1468 344 560 308 570 712 1057 183 146 1481 1016 168 1130 1550 155 66 720 818 140 1424 652 588 736 701 129 783 575 1017